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President Trump Participates in a Bilateral Lunch with the Prime Minister of Australia
The White House | October
20, 2025 Whereas, rare earths and
critical minerals are essential for the production of advanced technologies; Whereas, the United States of
America (the “United States” or “U.S.”) and the Commonwealth of Australia
(“Australia”, and together, the “Participants”) intend to support the supply of
raw and processed critical minerals and rare earths crucial to the commercial
and defense industries of the United States and Australia; Whereas, the Participants plan
to accomplish this through use of economic policy tools and coordinated
investment to accelerate development of diversified, liquid, fair markets for
critical minerals and rare earths; Whereas, the Participants’
objective is to assist both countries in achieving resilience and security
of critical minerals and rare earths supply chains, including mining,
separation, and processing; Whereas, the Participants
intend to capitalize on their respective existing domestic mining and
processing operations in critical minerals and heavy and light rare earths as
well as new capacity to be made available in 2026. Therefore, the Participants
have reached the following understanding on a common policy framework for the
mining and processing of critical minerals and rare earths. Section
I Critical
Minerals and Rare Earths 1.
Securing supply: The
Participants are intensifying their cooperative efforts to accelerate the
secure supply of critical minerals and rare earths necessary to support
manufacturing of defense and advanced technologies and their respective
industrial bases, including by leveraging existing policy tools such as the
United States’ industrial demand and stockpiling infrastructure and Australia’s
Critical Mineral Strategic Reserve. 2.
Investment in mining and processing: The
Participants will mobilize government and private sector support including for
capital and operational expenditures via guarantees, loans, or equity;
finalization of offtake arrangements; insurance; or regulatory facilitation. a.
Project selection: The
Participants will jointly identify projects of interest to address gaps in
priority supply chains. b.
Financing: In
addition to the steps above, within 6 months of the date of this Framework, the
Participants are taking measures to provide at least $1 billion in financing to
projects located in each of the United States and Australia expected to generate
end product for delivery to buyers in the United States and Australia. c.
Investment support: The
Participants will work together to develop new or bespoke mechanisms to
strengthen critical minerals and rare earths supply chains. d.
Ministerial: The
Participants have decided to promote investment in mining by convening a
Mining, Minerals and Metals Investment Ministerial within 180 days of the
date of this Framework. 3.
Permitting: The
Participants are taking measures to accelerate, streamline, or deregulate
permitting timelines and processes, including to obtain permits for critical
minerals and rare earths mining, separation, and processing within their
respective domestic regulatory systems, consistent with applicable law. 4.
Price Mechanisms: The
Participants will work to protect their respective domestic critical minerals
and rare earths markets from non-market policies and unfair trade practices,
including through the adoption of standards-based systems in which those who
adopt the standards can trade freely and within a pricing framework including
price floors or similar measures. The Participants will also work with
international partners to develop a future global framework to deal with
associated international pricing challenges. 5.
Asset Sales: The
Participants commit to work in good faith to develop new or strengthen existing
authorities and diplomatic tools that review and deter critical minerals and
rare earths asset sales on national security grounds. 6.
Scrap: The
Participants commit to investing in minerals recycling technology and to work
together to ensure management of critical minerals and rare earth scrap that
supports supply chain diversification. 7.
Third parties: The
Participants will work together with third parties as appropriate to ensure
supply chain security and utilize existing engagement mechanisms. 8.
Geological mapping: The
Participants will cooperate to assist in mapping mineral resources in
Australia, the United States, and elsewhere as mutually determined, to support
diversified critical mineral supply chains. 9.
Rapid Response: The
Participants are establishing a U.S.-Australia Critical Minerals Supply
Security Response Group under the leadership of the U.S. Secretary of
Energy and the Australian Minister for Resources to identify priority minerals
and supply vulnerabilities and develop a coordinated plan to accelerate
delivery of processed minerals under this Framework. Section
II General
Provisions 1.
The appropriate authorities of the Participants
will carry out post-project analysis and implementation. The specific
content of the post-project analysis is to be developed between/among the
Participants, in accordance with their respective domestic laws. 2.
The Participants will meet, virtually or
in-person, at the written request of the other Participant within 10 days of
the receipt of the request. 3.
Either Participant may discontinue its
participation in this Framework by giving written notification to the other
Participant. Absent notice to the contrary from the discontinuing
Participant, any such discontinuation would be effective on the thirtieth day
after the date of receipt of the written notification by the other
Participant. 4.
The Framework sets out a policy and
programmatic action plan that does not constitute or create rights or
obligations under domestic or international law, does not give rise to any
legal process, and does not constitute or create any legally binding or enforceable
obligations, express or implied. Signed in Washington, District
of Columbia this twentieth day of October, two thousand and twenty-five. For the Government of
the For
the Government of United States of America: Australia: Donald J. Trump
Anthony Albanese President
Prime Minister
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Fact Sheet: The White House | October
20, 2025 ACHIEVING CRITICAL MINERAL AND
ENERGY DOMINANCE: Today, President Donald J. Trump and
Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese signed a landmark Critical Minerals
Framework to unleash the potential of our abundant natural resources—a model
for supply-chain cooperation globally. DEEPENING DEFENSE
COOPERATION: Australia committed to enhanced burden sharing
and is making new defense investments that will bolster the U.S.-Australia
alliance. PROMOTING ECONOMIC PROSPERITY
AND TECHNOLOGY COOPERATION: The United States and
Australia are forging a historic partnership to drive innovation, economic
growth, and technological leadership through strategic investments and
collaborative initiatives.
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