Section
I
Critical
Minerals and Rare Earths
1.
Securing supply: The
Participants are intensifying their cooperative efforts to accelerate the
secure supply of critical minerals and rare earths necessary to support
domestic industries, including advanced technologies and their respective
industrial bases, by leveraging policy tools such as the United States’ and
Japan’s financial support mechanisms, trade measures where appropriate, and
critical minerals stockpiling systems. The participants will intensify efforts
to promote dialogue amongst upstream and downstream companies to facilitate the
diversification of supply chains.
2.
Investment in mining and processing: The
Participants intend to mobilize government and private sector support including
for capital and operational expenditures via grants, guarantees, loans, or
equity; offtake arrangements; insurance; or regulatory facilitation.
o a. Project
selection: The Participants intend to jointly identify projects
of interest to address gaps in supply chains for critical minerals and rare
earths, including derivative products such as permanent magnets, batteries,
catalysts, and optical materials.
o b. Financing: In
addition to the steps above, within six months of the date of this Framework,
the Participants intend to take measures to provide financial support to
selected projects to generate end product for delivery to buyers in the
United States and Japan and, as appropriate, like-minded countries.
o c. Investment
support: The Participants intend to work together to develop new
or bespoke mechanisms to mobilize private capital and strengthen critical
minerals and rare earths supply chains.
o d. Ministerial:
The Participants have decided to promote investment in mining by
convening a bilateral Mining, Minerals and Metals Investment Ministerial within
180 days of the date of this Framework within which a dialogue with relevant
stakeholders will be held to identify approaches and priorities for investment
to meet our joint objectives.
3.
Permitting: The
Participants are taking measures to accelerate, streamline, or deregulate
permitting timelines and processes, including for permits for critical minerals
and rare earths mining, separation, and processing within their respective
domestic regulatory systems, consistent with applicable law.
4.
Fair Competition and Pricing Mechanisms:
The Participants will work to secure their critical
minerals and rare earths supply chains by addressing non-market policies and
unfair trade practices, including by establishing high-standard marketplaces
that reflect the real costs of responsible extraction, processing, and trade of
critical minerals and rare earths, and pricing measures to support alternative
projects and such high-standard markets, in line with their respective policy
tools. The Participants will work with international partners to advance
these intentions.
5.
Asset Sales: The
Participants commit to work together toward developing new authorities or
strengthening existing authorities and diplomatic tools that review and deter
critical minerals and rare earths asset sales on national security grounds, in
accordance with their respective domestic laws.
6.
Scrap: The
Participants commit to investing in minerals recycling technologies and to
working together to ensure management of critical minerals and rare earth scrap
that supports supply chain diversification.
7.
Third parties: The
Participants intend to work together with other international partners as
appropriate to ensure supply chain security and utilize existing engagement
mechanisms.
8.
Geological mapping: The
Participants intend to cooperate to assist in mapping mineral resources as
mutually determined in the United States, Japan, and elsewhere, to support
diversified critical mineral and rare earths supply chains.
9.
Rapid Response: The
Participants are establishing a U.S.-Japan Critical Minerals Supply
Security Rapid Response Group under the leadership of the U.S.
Secretary of Energy and the Japanese Minister of Economy, Trade, and Industry,
to identify priority minerals and supply vulnerabilities, and develop a
coordinated plan to accelerate delivery of processed minerals under this
Framework.
10.
Stockpiling: The
Participants intend to work together to consider a mutually complementary
stockpiling arrangement, utilizing existing national systems in accordance with
each country’s regulations.
Section
II
General Matters
1.
The appropriate authorities of the Participants
intend to monitor and review projects identified under Section I,
paragraph 2.
The Participants will develop the elements of the project reviews in
accordance with their respective domestic laws.
2.
The Participants plan to meet, virtually or
in-person, at the written request of the other Participant within 10 days of
the receipt of the request.
3.
Either Participant may discontinue its
participation in this Framework by giving written notification to the other
Participant. Absent notice to the contrary from the discontinuing
Participant, this framework would be discontinued on the thirtieth day after
the date of receipt of the written notification by the other Participant.
4.
This Framework sets out a policy and
programmatic action plan that does not constitute or create rights or
obligations under domestic or international law, does not give rise to any
legal process, and does not constitute or create any legally binding or enforceable
obligations, express or implied.
Signed in Tokyo this 28th day
of October, two thousand and twenty-five.
For the Government of
the For
the Government of Japan
United States of America:
Donald J. Trump Takaichi
Sanae
President
Prime Minister
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